Introduction
The mystery of the afterlife has fascinated and terrified
the human race for thousands of years. Ancient cultures and their religions
have all tried to explain what happens when we cross over to the other side.
Ancient peoples like the Egyptians, Greeks, Babylonians, Chinese, Tibetans, and
others have believed in different versions of what happens to the soul and body
after death. Today’s religions have various ideas on what happens to us after
death, these theories are a mixture of the ancient and the New Age. But most
belief systems, whether ancient or New Age, believe that death is not the end
of life. Common theories of the afterlife are reincarnation, resurrection, the
spiritual realms of Heaven and Hell, transmigration, and ghost and poltergeist
activity. Each coming with its own assumption on what the soul and sometimes
the body must go through to experience life on earth. Like all cultures Jews
have questioned for thousands of years what happens when earthly life burns
out.
The Kabbalistic Soul
The afterlife is a mystery, but the faith in it and its many
forms is very real to those who believe. Jews throughout history have had many
thoughts of what the soul and body are. Some viewed the body and soul in a more
physical scientific way, believing that the soul and body were one, not
separate entities. When a person died the life energy burned out and the body
decomposed. Others believed that the afterlife was there but could not be
explained and should not be talked about that the experience of the physical
world was important because it was here and it was now.
Jewish Kabbalistic mystics and philosophers were more open
to theorizing on what happens when we cross over to the other mysterious side.
Kabbalistic Judaism embraces the belief in the soul’s existence after death.
Kabbalists have various viewpoints of what happens to the soul and body;
including reincarnation, resurrection, the spiritual realms of Heaven and Hell,
transmigration, and ghost and poltergeist activity. In Judaism and Kabbalah the
soul and body are separate entities, having important roles in the spiritual
experience. Rabbi Gershon Winkler explains this in his book The Soul of The
Matter: “Judaism does not view the relationship of the soul and the body as a
union of conflict but rather as a union of cooperativeness. The body cannot
function without the soul, nor can the soul fulfill itself without the body…
The role of the body is to facilitate the journey and fulfillment of the soul
in this life, and the role of the soul is to overcome the glaring distractions
of this life so that they do not distort its purpose and reality. ” (Page
6). This prospective recognizes that the
earthly realm is as important as the spirit world. To hold too tightly to the
spiritual world is to disconnect from the physical world, which is where we
learn and grow through our relationships and experiences. The spiritual world
should not be forgotten either, but it will take care of its self, life here on
earth will not. To be alive, means you should live it, experience it, care for
it, and learn from it.
In the Kabbalistic tradition the soul is viewed as having
five parts, the article, The Five Levels of Soul states:“…Yechidah (unique
essence), Chaya (living essence), HaNeshama (the higher soul), Ruach (spirit),
and Nefesh (lower soul)…” each with its own role in our spiritual growth and
experience. This can be defined like the departments in a university or can be
seen as different leveled classes that have prerequisites, having their own
role in educating a student. These parts are to insure that a soul completes
its learning and fulfillment here on earth. These levels allow for both
spiritual and physical experience and for the soul to learn and grow over time,
which in most cases, cannot be just one physical lifetime. Not all Kabbalists
believe in the soul having five separate parts; seeing it as one energy force.
The physical body or bodies that the soul uses over time are
as important and holy as the spirit inside. This is why the body must be
respected and honored, without purposely being harmed or changed. In most cases
Jews do not get tattoos, brands, or piercing that change the body’s look for
decorations. It would be like vandalizing your own home. At death the body must
not be disturbed, embalming is against Jewish law because it does not allow for
natural decomposition. If this process is effected it could tie the soul to the
body, not allowing it to go on or cross over, changing its path or destiny.
The Kabbalistic Afterlife
A Jewish Kabbalist may believe in one form of the afterlife
or several, always viewing it as transition to something more to learn. Death
is not to be feared, it is seen as part of the life map that everyone is
traveling. Rabbi Winkler states that the Talumd teaches: “When one is born, he
is designated for death. When one dies, he is designated for life” (Page 16).
The various ideas and imagery of death and the afterlife in Kabbalah come from
Jewish beliefs and share other cultures’ traditions explaining the afterlife.
Reincarnation is the belief in multiple lifetimes, with
different bodies but the same soul. The memories and for the most part
personality is not completely the same, though the person that has been
reincarnated may have past life memories and talents that cannot be explained.
In Kabbalah the five parts of the soul do not have to reincarnate together,
because each level may became perfected before the other. Gershon Winkler
states: “This is analogous to the removal of part of a flame with a second
candle. The spark captivated from the original flame assumes an independent
identity all its own, without lacking any element of the constitution of the
original flame, and without diminishing the size or power of the original. King
Solomon thus referred to the soul as a Divine Flame” (Pages 18-19). The belief
is that the perfected part of the soul is returned to God and the unperfected
part of the soul does not lose anything, going on to learn and be perfected
through more lifetimes until completion. In the case of Kabbalists who believe
the soul is one energy force, the soul will return to the Divine in its
complete form after it has been perfected.
Resurrection is best known for the belief that both the same
body and soul stay together in death-sleep. That when the Messianic era comes,
that all these souls and bodies, will arise and become alive again, and will be
reunited with their families and friends to live in peace. Various Jewish sects
believe that this literally means that you only live twice with the same body
and soul. Jewish Kabbalist, who except reincarnation believe in two different
theories on the concept of resurrection. Some believe in the idea of multiple
resurrections that since our souls are like a flame from a candle, we can arise
in more than one body. Kabbalists that see the soul as one entity believe when
the Messianic era comes the very first body you were born in, will be the body
you will arise in and that your other previous bodies will remain decomposed.
Transmigration is the belief of souls being reincarnated in
non-human forms, like animals (chayyah), plants (tzomeach), and even rocks
(domem). Kabbalah explains this as both an opportunity for farther learning for
the soul (especially a young soul), or a punishment for not learning while in
human form. The idea of animals having new or baby souls has been mentioned in
some interpretations of Kabbalah and other mystical traditions. The concept is
that souls go through levels of learning, starting out as rocks, plants,
animals, humans, and finally returning to the Divine.
Heaven and Hell are spiritual places, in Judaism and Kabbalah
they have no form that can be explained in physical terms. Heaven for the
Jewish Kabbalist is being reunited with the Source of its energy (God), after
completely its work. The soul has graduated and now is at peace its final
reward. Hell is the idea of being separated from God for some reason, this
separation or Hell, is usually from commenting a sin that is so horrendous,
that God cannot forgive you for it without distancing Herself/Himself for a
time period, usually lasting one year. This is like a parent giving you a
timeout, then releasing you to do better. Purgatory is seen as being a place or
by wandering the earth as a ghost. Some Kabbalists believe that there are some
sins like mass murder and genocide, that God just cannot forgive and annihilates
the soul that was responsible for these sins, so they cannot be repeated in the
future through another incarnation.
Sins are not the only reason a soul may become a wandering
ghost (or dybbuk). The soul of a person sometimes becomes trapped or confused,
they may have died before their time or have other issues pulling them to the
physical state, this can cause ghost and poltergeist activity and even
possession. The trapped soul feels something is undone or has something
unresolved or something unfinished in this lifetime, holding them in the earthy
realm. Other souls may have wasted their time on earth, not finishing a
lifetime’s duty and objective. Soul possession can happen when a lost soul is
seeking any means to get a body to house its self in, especially in the case of
a premature death. A soul can attach its self to a person, animal, object, or
place; these possessions can be both harmless and destructive. If it becomes
destructive an exorcism may have to be performed. Kabbalistic exorcism is not
like Catholic exorcism, which deals with demonic possession. Demonic possession
is not mentioned as Kabbalistic tradition or worry.
Conclusion
So what happens to us after death? This question can only be
answered by those who have died. Paranormal experiences with the dead can by
open to interpretation and cannot be held as proof or disproof of the
afterlife. We as human beings should have faith in something that is above are
explanations, this keeps life a mystery and interesting. But we also should
remember how truly precious and important life here on earth is, our bodies are
our shelters, but earth is our home. The physical realm is now, the spiritual
realm is later, and it can wait.
Bibliography:
Shamanitic Judaism, http://home.earthlink.net/~ecorebbe/index.html
The Five Levels of Soul, http://www.kosmic-kabbalah.com/five-levels-soul
Winkler, Gershon, The Soul of The Matter, 1982 and 1992, The
Judaica Press. INC.